Everything about Giorgi Mazniashvili totally explained
Giorgi Mazniashvili (
Georgian: გიორგი მაზნიაშვილი) (
1872 -
1937) was a
Georgian general and one of the most prominent military figures in the
Democratic Republic of Georgia (
1918-
1921). During the service in the
Russian army, he was also known by a Russian transliteration of his surname –
Mazniev.
He was born in
1872 in the village Sasireti (present day
Shida Kartli region, Georgia; then part of the
Imperial Russia). Having taken a proper military education, he was later promoted to general of the Russian army. Wounded in the
Russo-Japanese war (
1904-
1905), he was visited at a hospital by the
Tsar Nicholas II, who awarded him
St George’s Cross and invited the general to the palace. He fought also on the battlefields of the
World War I, but returned to Georgia after the
February Revolution,
1917. He formed two national divisions and secured the capital
Tbilisi from the chaotically retreating and increasingly
Bolshevist Russian soldiers. In April
1918, he successfully defended the southwestern province
Guria from the
Ottoman offensive winning a victory on the
Choloki River. In June
1918, he served as a governor general of
Abkhazia and crushed there a pro-Bolshevik revolt; then he took
Gagra,
Sochi and
Tuapse in the first phase of the
Sochi conflict. From October to December 1918, he served as a governor general of Tbilisi. During the December
Georgian-Armenian war 1918, he was appointed a commander-in-chief and successfully defended the Georgian borders from the troops of
General Dro. In
1919 he served as a governor general of
Akhaltsikhe and
Akhalkalaki and was moved, on October 6
1920, as a commandant in Tbilisi. During the
Soviet invasion of February
1921, he repulsed the
Red Army from the Soghanlughi heights at the outskirts of Tbilisi. The war, however, was lost. Mazniashvili didn't follow the country’s leaders in exile, but mobilized the remnants of the Georgian armed forces to recover the
Black Sea city of
Batumi from the
Turkish occupation, March 1921. The newly established
Soviet government of Georgia declared him outlaw, but later offered him a nominal post in the Red Army. In
1923, during the
Red Terror, he was arrested and exiled to
Persia whence he moved to
France. Subsequently many claimed, though apparently unfairly, that it was him who informed the Soviets about the planned national uprising in Georgia (
1924). In a few years, he was allowed to return and he lived in his native village Sasireti, far from political life. During the
Great Purges, however, he was arrested and executed without a trial,
1937.
He was the author of the popular
Soldier’s Memoirs.
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